Procedures
Pap smear

Overview

A pap smear, also known as a pap test, is a procedure conducted to test for cervical cancer in women. It involves the gynaecologist collecting cells from your cervix (the lower, narrow end of your uterus, which is at the top of your vagina). Early diagnosis of cervical cancer with a pap test, helps increase the chance of cure. A Pap test may also be used to detect any changes in your cervical cells, which may suggest that cancer may develop in the future.

When is a Pap smear done?

A pap smear is normally done in conjunction with a pelvic exam. In women who are 30 years and older, a pap test may be conducted alongside a test for human papillomavirus (HPV). HPV is a common sexually transmitted infection which may cause cervical cancer. Pap smear testing is recommended for women who are 21 years and older every 3 years.

If you have a health condition, the gynaecologist may recommend that you have a pap test more often. These health conditions include:

• Cervical cancer or Pap test results revealed precancerous cells.
• HIV
• A weakened immune system due to chemotherapy, organ transplant or chronic corticosteroid use.
• Been exposed to diethylstilbestrol (this is a synthetic, nonsteroidal form of estrogen), before birth.

How is a Pap smear procedure done?

A pap smear procedure may be a bit uncomfortable but is very quick. During the procedure, Dr Hlabisa will use a swab, spatula or a brush to scrape a small sample of cells from your cervix. He will then preserve the sample of cells from your cervix and send them to the laboratory for testing. You may experience mild discomfort from the scraping and slight cramping.